Measure Information Form
Version 2021B2
Measure Information Form
The measure is reported as an overall rate which includes all newborns that were exclusively fed breast milk during the entire hospitalization.
Rationale: Exclusive breast milk feeding for the first 6 months of neonatal life has long been the expressed goal of World Health Organization (WHO), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG). ACOG has recently reiterated its position (ACOG, 2007). A recent Cochrane review substantiates the benefits (Kramer et al., 2002). Much evidence has now focused on the prenatal and intrapartum period as critical for the success of exclusive (or any) BF (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 2007; Petrova et al., 2007; Shealy et al., 2005; Taveras et al., 2004). Exclusive breast milk feeding rate during birth hospital stay has been calculated by the California Department of Public Health for the last several years using newborn genetic disease testing data. Healthy People 2010 and the CDC have also been active in promoting this goal. Type Of Measure: Process Improvement Noted As: Increase in the rateIncluded Populations: Not applicable Excluded Populations: None Data Elements:Denominator Statement: Single term newborns discharged alive from the hospital
Included Populations: Liveborn newborns with ICD-10-CM Principal Diagnosis Code for single liveborn newborn as defined in Appendix A, Table 11.20.1 Excluded Populations:Data Elements:
- Admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at this hospital during the hospitalization
- ICD-10-CM Other Diagnosis Codes for galactosemia as defined in Appendix A, Table 11.21
- ICD-10-PCS Principal Procedure Code or ICD-10-PCS Other Procedure Codes for parenteral nutrition as defined in Appendix A, Table 11.22
- Experienced death
- Length of Stay >120 days
- Patients transferred to another hospital
- Patients who are not term or with < 37 weeks gestation completed
- American Academy of Pediatrics. Section on Breastfeeding. Policy Statement. Breastfeeding and the Use of Human Milk. Pediatrics 2012 Mar; 129 (3): e827-841.
- American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. (Feb. 2007). Committee on Obstetric Practice and Committee on Health Care for Underserved Women.Breastfeeding: Maternal and Infant Aspects. ACOG Committee Opinion 361.
- California Department of Public Health. (2017). Division of Maternal, Child and Adolescent Health, Breastfeeding Initiative, In-Hospital Breastfeeding Initiation Data, Hospital of Occurrence: Available at: https://www.cdph.ca.gov/Programs/CFH/DMCAH/Breastfeeding/Pages/In-Hospital-Breastfeeding-Initiation-Data.aspx
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (Aug 3, 2007). Breastfeeding trends and updated national health objectives for exclusive breastfeeding--United States birth years 2000-2004. MMWR - Morbidity & Mortality Weekly Report. 56(30):760-3.
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2017). Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity and Obesity. Breastfeeding Report Card. Available at: https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/reportcard.htm
- Ip, S., Chung, M., Raman, G., et al. (2007). Breastfeeding and maternal and infant health outcomes in developed countries. Rockville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: https://archive.ahrq.gov/downloads/pub/evidence/pdf/brfout/brfout.pdf
- Kramer, M.S. & Kakuma, R. (2002).Optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding. [107 refs] Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. (1):CD003517.
- Petrova, A., Hegyi, T., & Mehta, R. (2007). Maternal race/ethnicity and one-month exclusive breastfeeding in association with the in-hospital feeding modality. Breastfeeding Medicine. 2(2):92-8.
- Shealy, K.R., Li, R., Benton-Davis, S., & Grummer-Strawn, L.M. (2005).The CDC guide to breastfeeding interventions. Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, CDC. Available at: http://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/pdf/breastfeeding_interventions.pdf.
- Taveras, E.M., Li, R., Grummer-Strawn, L., Richardson, M., Marshall, R., Rego, V.H., Miroshnik, I., & Lieu, T.A. (2004). Opinions and practices of clinicians associated with continuation of exclusive breastfeeding. Pediatrics. 113(4):e283-90.
- US Department of Health and Human Services. (2007). Healthy People 2010 Midcourse Review. Washington, DC: US Department of Health and Human Services. Available at: https://www.healthypeople.gov/2010/data/midcourse/html/default.htm?visit=1
- World Health Organization. (2007). Indicators for assessing infant and young child feeding practices. Washington, DC, USA: World Health Organization. Available at: http://apps.who.int/iris/bitstream/10665/43895/1/9789241596664_eng.pdf
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