Specifications Manual for Joint Commission National Quality Measures (v2020B1)
Posted: 3/30/2020

Home » Total Hip and Total Knee Replacement Inpatient (THKR-IP) » THKR-IP-4

Release Notes:
Measure Information Form
Version 2020B1

Measure Information Form

Measure Set: Total Hip and Total Knee Replacement Inpatient (THKR-IP)

Set Measure ID: THKR-IP-4

Set Measure ID Performance Measure Name
THKR-IP-4a viewtopic Preoperative Functional/Health Status Assessment - Hip and Knee Overall
THKR-IP-4b viewtopic Preoperative Functional/Health Status Assessment - Hip
THKR-IP-4c viewtopic Preoperative Functional/Health Status Assessment - Knee

Performance Measure Name: Preoperative Functional/Health Status Assessment

Description: Patients who completed the general health and joint specific functional status assessments within 90 days prior to surgery as specified below:

Hips: [VR-12 or PROMIS-Global] AND [HOOS Jr. (6 questions) or HOOS Pain, Function Daily Living Subscales (27 questions)]

Knees: [VR-12 or PROMIS-Global] AND [KOOS Jr. (7 questions) or KOOS Stiffness, Pain, Function Daily Living Subscales (28 questions)]

The assessment tool must reflect the status of the patient’s health condition, health behavior, or experience with health care from the patient’s perspective, without interpretation of the patient’s response by a clinician or anyone else 1. The assessment can be completed by phone, mail, email, or in-person.

Note: Links to the survey instruments are provided in the Selected References at the bottom of this section.

Rationale: Good orthopedic care requires knowledge of the patient’s history of musculoskeletal pain and associated limitations in daily function. Standardized measures of patient-reported outcomes (PROs) can provide this information. Integrating PROs into routine orthopedic patient visits can provide key information to monitor changes in symptom severity over time, support shared clinical care decisions, and assess treatment effectiveness.2

Patient reported outcome measures (PROMs) capture patients’ self-assessments of their health and provide a mechanism for evaluating the effectiveness of patient-centered care.3 In acknowledgement of the administrative burden associated with PRO data capture, The Joint Commission will implement PROMs in a phased approach. During this first phase, the process of collecting preoperative data will be measured. During the second phase, pre- and postoperative data will be evaluated with the goal of calculating patients’ improvement scores. The American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons and American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons are very supportive of the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services’ effort to develop patient-reported functional status outcome measures for total hip and knee arthroplasty. When fully specified and risk-adjusted, these measures will be useful in assessing quality and value of care and will permit performance measurement progression beyond process measures.4-5

On August 31, 2015, the American Association of Hip and Knee Surgeons (AAHKS) convened a Patient Reported Outcomes Summit for Total Joint Arthroplasty in Baltimore, Maryland. Representatives from orthopaedic organizations (AAHKS, AAOS, The Hip Society, The Knee Society, and American Joint Replacement Registry), CMS, YNHHSC/CORE, National Committee for Quality Assurance (NCQA), Mathematica, CECity, and Blue Cross Blue Shield Association participated in the Summit. The Summit’s goal was to obtain a consensus regarding the patient-reported outcomes (PRO) and risk variables suitable for total hip and knee arthroplasty performance measures.6 The instruments specified in this measure, align with the Summit’s recommendations as well as CMS Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) legislation.

The Veterans RAND 12 Item Health Survey (VR-12) is a generic patient reported outcome (PRO) instrument used to measure health related quality of life. This tool, which measures physical function and health status, is widely used and is well validated in the total hip and total knee population. Additionally, the Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) Global-10 instrument, funded by the National Institute of Health, is increasingly used in the United States. PROMIS instruments use modern measurement theory to assess patient–reported health status for physical, mental, and social well–being to reliably and validly measure patient reported outcomes (PROs) for clinical research and practice. PROMIS instruments measure concepts such as pain, fatigue, physical function, depression, anxiety and social function. Hip disability and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (HOOS) and Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS) are well validated and widely used instruments for measuring joint-specific pain and physical function before and after joint replacement. While the full HOOS and KOOS surveys are lengthy, the orthopedic community prefers an abbreviated survey that captures a subset of items referred to as HOOS JR/KOOS JR.

Type Of Measure: Process

Improvement Noted As: Increase in the rate

Numerator Statement: Patients who completed the general health (VR-12 or PROMIS-Global) AND joint specific functional status assessments (HOOS Jr./subscales or KOOS Jr./subscales) within 90 days prior to surgery.

Included Populations: As above

Excluded Populations: None

Data Elements:

Denominator Statement: Patients undergoing total hip or total knee replacement.
Included Populations:
  • Patients with an ICD-10-PCS Principal Procedure Code for THKR as defined in Appendix A: Table 1a-Total Hip Replacements or Table-1b Total Knee Replacements

Excluded Populations:
  • Patients less than 18 years of age
  • Patients who have a Length of Stay greater than 120 day
  • Patients with an ICD-10-PCS Other Procedure Code as defined in Appendix A: Table 14.05a (partial hip and partial knee replacements), Table 14.06a (revision and resurfacing procedures), Table 14.07a (removal of implanted devices/prostheses)
  • Patients with an ICD-10-CM Principal Diagnosis Code or ICD-10-CM Other Diagnosis Code as defined in Appendix A: Table 14.08 (complication of internal fixation device/prosthesis), Table 14.09 (malignant neoplasm of the pelvis, sacrum, coccyx, lower limbs, or bone/bone marrow or a disseminated malignant neoplasm), or Table 14.10 (femur, hip, pelvic fracture)

Data Elements:

Risk Adjustment: No.

Data Collection Approach: Retrospective data sources for required data elements include administrative data and medical records. Some hospitals may prefer to gather data concurrently by identifying patients in the population of interest. This approach provides opportunities for improvement at the point of care/service. However, complete documentation includes the principal or other ICD-10 diagnosis and procedure codes, which require retrospective data entry.

Data Accuracy: Variation may exist in the assignment of ICD-10 codes; therefore, coding practices may require evaluation to ensure consistency.

Measure Analysis Suggestions: None

Sampling: Yes. Please refer to the measure set specific sampling requirements and for additional information see the Population and Sampling Specifications Section.

Data Reported As: Aggregate rate generated from count data reported as a proportion. Proportion for hip replacements, proportion for knee replacements and aggregated proportion for hip & knee replacements

Selected References:
  • 1 Cella D, Hahn EA, Jensen SE, Patient-Reported Outcomes in Performance Measurement, ©2015 Research Triangle Institute.
  • 2 Ayers DC, Zheng H, Franklin PD. Integrating Patient-reported Outcomes Into Orthopaedic Clinical Practice: Proof of Concept From FORCE-TJR. Clinical Orthopaedics and Related Research. 2013;471(11):3419-3425. doi:10.1007/s11999-013-3143-z.
  • 3 Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Elective Primary Total Hip and/or Total Knee Arthroplasty: Hospital-Level Performance Measure(s), Phase 3 Measure Methodology Report, Yale New Haven Health Services Corporation – Center for Outcomes Research and Evaluation (CORE), May 2015.
  • 4 AAOS letter to Andy Slavitt, Acting Administrator/CMS dated April 3, 2015. Re.: Response during public comment on “Proposed Electronic Clinical Quality Measures for Functional Status Assessment and Improvement for Patients who received a Total Hip Replacement and Functional Status Assessment and Improvement for Patients who received a Total Knee Replacement.”
  • 5 AAHKS letter to Andy Slavitt, Acting Administrator/CMS dated March 30, 2015. Re.: Response during public comment on “Proposed Electronic Clinical Quality Measures for Functional Status Assessment and Improvement for Patients who received a Total Hip Replacement and Functional Status Assessment and Improvement for Patients who received a Total Knee Replacement.”

Measure Algorithm:

Measure Information Form THKR-IP-4
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Specifications Manual for Joint Commission National Quality Measures (v2020B1)
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